Utyalo-mali kumanyathelo okhuseleko lonyukile kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, ngokophando olutsha.Nangona kunjalo, zininzi izehlo zemipu ezikolweni kunangaphambili.
Xa uAdam Lane wayeyinqununu yeSikolo samaBanga aPhakamileyo saseHaynes City kwiminyaka esibhozo eyadlulayo, akukho nto yayinokunqanda abahlaseli ukuba baqhekeze isikolo, esisecaleni kwamasimi e-orenji, ifama yeenkomo, kunye namangcwaba kumbindi weFlorida.
Namhlanje, isikolo sijikelezwe ngocingo lweemitha ezili-10, kwaye ukufikelela kwi-campus kulawulwa ngokungqongqo ngamasango akhethekileyo.Iindwendwe kufuneka zicinezele ii-buzzer iqhoshaukungena kwidesika yangaphambili.Iikhamera ezingaphezu kwama-40 zibeka esweni iindawo eziphambili.
Idatha entsha yomdibaniso ekhutshwe ngoLwesine inika ingqiqo kwiindlela ezininzi izikolo eziye zaqinisa ngayo ukhuseleko kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, njengoko isizwe sirekhode ezintathu zezona ziganeko zokudubula ezifayo kwirekhodi, kunye nokunye ukudutyulwa kwezikolo okuqhelekileyo.Oonobangela beziganeko nabo baye baxhaphaka.
Ngokumalunga nesibini kwisithathu sezikolo zikarhulumente zase-US ngoku zilawula ukufikelela kwiikampus - kungekhona nje izakhiwo - ngexesha losuku lwesikolo, ukusuka malunga nesiqingatha sonyaka wesikolo we-2017-2018.Kuqikelelwa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-43 zezikolo zikarhulumente “amaqhosha kaxakeka” okanye iisiren ezingathethiyo ezinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo namapolisa xa kukho imeko yongxamiseko, ukusuka kuma-29 ekhulwini kwiminyaka emihlanu eyadlulayo.Ngokutsho kohlolisiso olukhutshwe liZiko leSizwe leZibalo zeMfundo, iziko lophando elisebenza neSebe Lezemfundo laseMerika, abantu abangama-78 ekhulwini banezitshixo kumagumbi abo okufundela, xa kuthelekiswa nama-65 ekhulwini.
Phantse isinye kwisithathu sezikolo zikarhulumente zineendlela ezilithoba nangaphezulu zokufundisa abantu ukuba bafuduke ngonyaka, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukhuseleko yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yobomi besikolo.
Ezinye zeendlela ekuthethwa ngazo kakhulu nazo ziye zavela kodwa azixhaphakanga kangako.Ipesenti ezisithoba zezikolo zikarhulumente zichaze ukusetyenziswa kwamaxesha athile kwee-metal detectors, kwaye iipesenti ezi-6 zichaza ukuzisebenzisa imihla ngemihla.Ngelixa izikolo ezininzi zinamapolisa ekhampasi, yipesenti ezi-3 kuphela zezikolo zikarhulumente ezixele ngootitshala abaxhobileyo okanye abanye abasebenzi abangakhuselekanga.
Nangona izikolo zichitha iibhiliyoni zeerandi kukhuseleko, inani leziganeko zemipu ezikolweni alinciphi.Kwintlekele yamva nje kwiveki ephelileyo eVirginia, amapolisa athi umntwana oneminyaka emi-6 ubudala weza nompu ekhaya waza wenzakalisa kanobom utitshala wakhe ngawo.
Ngokwe-K-12 School Shooting Database, iprojekthi yophando elandelela ukudutyulwa okanye ukudubula ngemipu kwipropathi yesikolo, bangaphezu kwama-330 abantu abadutyulwe okanye benzakala kwipropathi yesikolo kunyaka ophelileyo, ukusuka kuma-218 ngowama-2018. inokubandakanya iimeko apho kungekho mntu wonzakeleyo, nayo yavuka malunga ne-120 ngo-2018 ukuya ngaphezu kwe-300, ukusuka kwi-22 ngonyaka we-1999 Columbine High School.Abakwishumi elivisayo ababini babulala abantu abali-13.Abantu.
Ukwanda kogonyamelo lwemipu ezikolweni kwenzeka phakathi kolwando oluqhelekileyo lokudutyulwa nokufa kwabantu ngeembumbulu eUnited States.Lilonke, isikolo sisakhuseleke kakhulu.
Ukudutyulwa kwezikolo “sisiganeko esinqabe kakhulu,” utshilo uDavid Readman, umseki weK-12 School Shooting Database.
Umkhondo wakhe wafumanisa izikolo ezingama-300 ezineziganeko zemipu kulo nyaka uphelileyo, inxalenye encinane yezikolo eziphantse zibe li-130,000 eUnited States.Ukudutyulwa kwabantwana esikolweni kuba ngaphantsi kwesi-1 ekhulwini sabo bonke abantwana ababulawa ngokudutyulwa eUnited States.
Nangona kunjalo, ilahleko eyandayo ibeka uxanduva olwandisiweyo ezikolweni kungekuphela nje ukufundisa, ukondla nokufundisa abantwana, kodwa nokubakhusela ekwenzakaleni.Ezona nkqubo zingcono ziquka izisombululo ezilula ezifana nokutshixa iingcango zeklasi kunye nokuthintela ukungena ezikolweni.
Kodwa iingcali zithi amanyathelo amaninzi “okuthintela”, anje ngezixhobo zokujonga intsimbi, oobhaka, okanye ukuba namagosa axhobileyo ekhampasini, khange abonakalise ukusebenza kakuhle ekuthinteleni ukudubula.Ezinye izixhobo, ezifana neekhamera zokhuseleko okanyekaxakekaamaqhosha, anokunceda ukunqanda ubundlobongela okwexeshana, kodwa akukho lula ukuthintela ukudutyulwa.
“Akukho bungqina buninzi bokuba bayasebenza,” utshilo uMark Zimmerman, umlawuli weYunivesithi yaseMichigan yeZiko leSizwe loKhuseleko lweSikolo, malunga namanyathelo amaninzi okhuseleko.Ukuba ucinezela iYimaiqhosha, mhlawumbi kuthetha ukuba umntu sele edubula okanye egrogrisa ngokudubula.Olu ayilothintelo.”
Ukuphucula ukhuseleko kunokuza neengozi zako.Uphando lwakutsha nje lufumanise ukuba abafundi abantsundu banethuba eliphindwe kane lokubhalisa kwizikolo eziphantsi kweliso elibukhali kunabafundi bezinye iintlanga, kwaye ngenxa yala manyathelo, abafundi kwezi zikolo banokuhlawula “irhafu yokhuseleko” ngokusebenza nokunqunyanyiswa.
Ekubeni uninzi lokudutyulwa kwezikolo lwenziwa ngabafundi abakhoyo ngoku okanye abasandul’ ukuthweswa izidanga, ngoontanga babo abangabona babona izisongelo baze baxele izisongelo, utshilo uFrank Straub, umalathisi weZiko lamaPolisa leSizwe loThintelo lokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
"Uninzi lwaba bantu babandakanyeka kwizinto ezibizwa ngokuba zivuza - bathumela ulwazi kwi-Intanethi baze baxelele abahlobo babo," kusho uMnu Straub.Wongeze ukuba ootitshala, abazali kunye nabanye kufuneka bajonge iimpawu: umntwana uyarhoxa kwaye adandatheke, umfundi utsala umpu ebhukwini.
“Ngokwenene, kufuneka siphucule ekuchongeni abafundi be-K-12 abatsala nzima,” utshilo.“Kwaye kuyabiza.Kunzima ukungqina ukuba uyanqanda.”
"Kuyo yonke imbali kunye neminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ngokunyuka okuphawulekayo kwinani leziganeko, isiganeko esixhaphakileyo sibe ngumlo oye wanda ukudubula," kusho uMnu Readman we-K-12 School Shooting Database.Walatha kwindlela ekhulayo yokudubula kwilizwe lonke kwaye wathi idatha ibonisa ukuba abantu abaninzi, nabantu abadala, bazisa imipu esikolweni.
UChristy Barrett, intsumpa yeSithili seSikolo saseHemet esiManyeneyo saseKhalifoniya, uyazi ukuba nokuba wenza ntoni na, akazukwazi ukuwuphelisa ngokupheleleyo umngcipheko kuye wonke umntu okwisithili sakhe sesikolo esinabafundi abangama-22,000 kunye namawakawaka abasebenzi.Izikolo ezingama-28 kwaye phantse iikhilomitha ezingama-700 zesikwere.
Kodwa wathabatha inyathelo ngokuqalisa umgaqo-nkqubo wokutshixa iingcango kwiklasi nganye kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.
Le dolophu ikwasiya kwizitshixo zocango ze-elektroniki, enethemba lokuba ziya kunciphisa naziphi na “izinto eziguquguqukayo zabantu” okanye ukukhangela izitshixo kwingxaki.“Ukuba kukho umntu ongenelelayo, umdubuli osebenzayo, sinakho ukuvimba yonke into kwangoko,” utshilo.
Amagosa esikolo nawo aye agqogqa i-random metal detector kwizikolo eziphakamileyo ezineziphumo ezixubeneyo.
Maxa wambi ezi zixhobo zibonisa izinto ezingenabungozi njengeefolda zesikolo, yaye izixhobo ziyalahleka xa ezo zixhobo zingasetyenziswa.Ngelixa wathi ugqogqo alujolisanga nawaphi na amaqela, uvumile ukuba uqwalaselo lwesikolo lunokuba nefuthe elibi kubafundi bemibala.
UGqr. Barrett, indawo yakhe inabantu abaninzi baseSpanishi kwaye inabafundi abambalwa abamhlophe nabamnyama.
Ngoku zonke izikolo eziphakamileyo kwesi sithili zinenkqubo eqhelekileyo yokubona isinyithi kwizixhobo.“Wonke umfundi uyahlangabezana nale nto,” utshilo, esongeza ngelithi akukho zixhobo zifunyenweyo kulo nyaka.
Ngokutsho kwakhe, kukho abacebisi kwisikolo ngasinye ukujongana neengxaki zempilo yengqondo zabafundi.Xa abafundi befaka amagama avuselelayo anjengokuthi "ukuzibulala" okanye "ukudubula" kwizixhobo ezikhutshwe kwisithili, iinkqubo zibonisa iiflegi ukuchonga ngcono abantwana abafuna uncedo.
Ukudutyulwa kwabantu abaninzi kwizikolo zaseParkland, eFlorida, eSanta Fe, eTexas nase-Uvalde, eTexas, kwiminyaka yakutshanje akukhange kubangele ukonyuka kwamanyathelo okhuseleko, kodwa kuqinisekisiwe, utshilo.